溫(wen)室(shi)中采用的(de)(de)灌(guan)溉(gai)設(she)備是多種(zhong)多樣的(de)(de)，根據溫(wen)室(shi)的(de)(de)作(zuo)物(wu)品種(zhong)以及它(ta)的(de)(de)生長條件，要(yao)選(xuan)擇(ze)適宜的(de)(de)灌(guan)溉(gai)設(she)備。每一種(zhong)灌(guan)溉(gai)系統都(dou)有(you)各自的(de)(de)優(you)缺(que)點以及性能的(de)(de)特點，選(xuan)擇(ze)適合的(de)(de)溫(wen)室(shi)灌(guan)溉(gai)設(she)備對溫(wen)室(shi)的(de)(de)管理是至關重要(yao)。

　　下面介(jie)紹幾種常見(jian)的(de)溫室灌(guan)溉設備：

　　一、管道灌溉系統(tong)

　　其工作(zuo)的(de)原理是(shi)在供水(shui)的(de)管(guan)道上(shang)面安(an)裝閥門以及灌(guan)水(shui)的(de)軟(ruan)管(guan)，通(tong)過手(shou)動(dong)打開(kai)這些控制閥，用(yong)輸水(shui)的(de)軟(ruan)管(guan)來進行灌(guan)溉(gai)。在目前的(de)溫室(shi)中，這種灌(guan)溉(gai)系(xi)統是(shi)比較(jiao)常(chang)見的(de)。通(tong)常(chang)選用(yong)PE、PVC軟(ruan)管(guan)等材(cai)料(liao)的(de)塑(su)料(liao)軟(ruan)管(guan)作(zuo)為灌(guan)水(shui)軟(ruan)管(guan)。需具備易安(an)裝、使(shi)用(yong)簡單、管(guan)理方便、成本低、不易堵的(de)優點。管(guan)道灌(guan)溉(gai)系(xi)統的(de)不足是(shi)勞動(dong)力大，灌(guan)溉(gai)效(xiao)率的(de)不高(gao)，對于水(shui)量和施肥(fei)加(jia)藥(yao)都不易控制，因此這種灌(guan)溉(gai)系(xi)統需與滴灌(guan)等其他(ta)灌(guan)溉(gai)系(xi)統相結合使(shi)用(yong)。

　　二、溫(wen)室滴灌系統

　　滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系統(tong)普遍應(ying)用于各種環境下的(de)(de)農林作物灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)，是較為節水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)。滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)水(shui)(shui)器有滴(di)頭、滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)帶(dai)、滴(di)箭(jian)等。在溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室中，將滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系統(tong)布置在溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室地(di)表或將滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管埋(mai)于地(di)下30厘米(mi)處。在溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)中，滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是較為先進的(de)(de)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)之(zhi)一，其(qi)主要(yao)具備(bei)省水(shui)(shui)、省工、防蟲(chong)害、增產增效(xiao)、易于水(shui)(shui)肥管理的(de)(de)功效(xiao)。滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)對水(shui)(shui)質的(de)(de)要(yao)求較高。滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系統(tong)可依(yi)照溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室生產情況(kuang)和氣(qi)候(hou)條件與微噴(pen)(pen)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)或管道灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)結合使(shi)用。高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)干燥室宜(yi)采用結合微噴(pen)(pen)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)或管道灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)的(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)條件溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室氣(qi)候(hou)，低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)季節就用滴(di)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系統(tong)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)。

　　三、溫室微噴灌系統

　　以噴(pen)灑水(shui)流澆灌(guan)作(zuo)物的(de)灌(guan)溉系(xi)統(tong)稱為微噴(pen)灌(guan)系(xi)統(tong)。其灌(guan)水(shui)器通(tong)常是各種微噴(pen)頭、噴(pen)槍、多(duo)孔管等。一(yi)般情況在(zai)(zai)溫室中常采用將微噴(pen)頭倒掛(gua)在(zai)(zai)溫室骨架上實施灌(guan)溉。微噴(pen)灌(guan)系(xi)統(tong)具(ju)備節(jie)水(shui)、省工、節(jie)能(neng)、降溫增濕、隨水(shui)追肥、易于自控控制的(de)特點。但是低溫潮濕季節(jie)則易產生高濕度導致病害增多(duo)。

　　四、溫(wen)室自行走(zou)式噴(pen)灌機(ji)

　　這種(zhong)所謂的(de)噴(pen)(pen)灌(guan)機(ji)(ji)其(qi)實也是(shi)(shi)一種(zhong)微噴(pen)(pen)灌(guan)系統，只不過它(ta)的(de)灌(guan)水均勻(yun)度很高，而且可以(yi)移(yi)動使(shi)用。自行走式噴(pen)(pen)灌(guan)機(ji)(ji)也是(shi)(shi)懸掛(gua)于(yu)溫室(shi)骨(gu)架上的(de)行走軌(gui)道(dao)，然后在工作(zuo)時可自行移(yi)動噴(pen)(pen)灑(sa)作(zuo)業。通常(chang)這種(zhong)噴(pen)(pen)灌(guan)系統會(hui)配備加藥設備，以(yi)便(bian)對作(zuo)物(wu)進行施肥噴(pen)(pen)藥，其(qi)噴(pen)(pen)嘴和微噴(pen)(pen)頭可根據灌(guan)溉作(zuo)物(wu)和噴(pen)(pen)灑(sa)目(mu)的(de)而更(geng)換。

　　五(wu)、溫室多孔管微灌系統

　　多孔(kong)(kong)管可(ke)(ke)用(yong)作(zuo)微噴灌(guan)或(huo)者滴灌(guan)，通過在薄(bo)壁塑料(liao)軟(ruan)管上面加工出(chu)水小孔(kong)(kong)進行灌(guan)溉(gai)。溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)田間膜(mo)下滴灌(guan)就采用(yong)該系統，高溫(wen)(wen)季節揭開地膜(mo)，又可(ke)(ke)作(zuo)微噴灌(guan)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)。溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)多孔(kong)(kong)管微灌(guan)系統經濟實(shi)用(yong)，適用(yong)于(yu)溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)大棚、日(ri)光溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)，具備抗堵性、成本低(di)的特(te)點，但(dan)是(shi)該系統灌(guan)水均勻度相對較低(di)，而且(qie)通常使(shi)(shi)用(yong)年限(xian)較短。